IGNOU BSOC-104 Solved Assignment 2022-23 Free PDF : BSOC-104 Solved Assignment 2022 , BSOC-104 Solved Assignment 2022-23, BSOC-104 Assignment 2022-23, BSOC-104 Assignment, IGNOU Assignments 2022-23- Gandhi National Open University had recently uploaded the assignments of the present session for MEG Programme for the year 2022-23. Students are recommended to download their Assignments from this webpage itself.

Assignment – I

1. Describe the tradition of plurality and the culture of accommodation in Indian society. 

Ans. In the diverse society of India, pluralism is crucial for its smooth functioning. A pluralist democracy, allowing the masses the freedom of association, is necessary for the democratic culture to flow. India has experienced life from every conceivable angle, height and depth. India’s cultural life has a rare quality of richness, variety, and maturity. One of the most glorious aspects of India’s pluralist cultural history is the treatment that her states and people gave to the religious and minority groups that came to India as refugees. Persecuted by their own countries with sacred places destroyed and fellow beings being massacred, the Jews, the Zoroastrians, the Tibetians, etc. Our  age-old traditions of tolerance and hospitality, attracted them and they found their hopes and aspirations fulfilled.

Rigidity and exclusiveness are unending sources of inter-cultural conflicts. Rigid cultures behave like billiards balls as they meet to collide only. The resilience and adaptability nurtured by pluralism in India led to assimilation and synthesis, which enriched our unique culture.

Every ancient culture holds some interest for us, but when the culture is unique and continuing, that interest becomes much more contemporary & relevant. We study ancient cultures like Babylonian or the Egyptian or, the Greek from a historical point of view. This study enriches our experiences of the past. However, the study of Indian culture is of particular importance because it is still a living factor for roughly about 17.7% of the world population. How this culture came down to us is thus a very fascinating and enriching study. The history of Indian culture goes back to more than 5,000 years, which shows that its subtle with a strong thread of unity that runs through the boundless plurality of her life, entwined by the power of seers, and saints, philosophers, warriors, poets, artists etc.    “ Cultural means the total accumulation of material objects, ideas, symbols, beliefs, sentiments, values, and social forms which are passed from one generation to another in any given society.” (Prof. K.A.Neelkanta Sastri, UNESCO Chronicle, 1959).

Pluralism is an understanding of social diversity. It could be a nation’s cultural, political, or philosophical posture. In any of these types, pluralism provides an account of social context appreciated as a relationship of contradictory and competing positions that cannot be seamlessly condensed, ranked in one order forever, or reduced to a single institutional system. We have intense pride for Ajanta caves, the Kashi temple, the Taj Mahal, Gommatesvara of Shravanabelagola, the Golden Temple of Amritsar, etc. Though they embody different faiths, there is a sense of the emotional experience of being Indian. This explains the plurality of beliefs.

At one time, in India, kshetra (region) and desha (nation) represented two different identities in the sense of plurality. But their relationship is of co-existence and not of confrontation. This explains the preponderance of identity and the ways of knowing it.

Concerning language, India never had a monopoly on one language. Various local, regional, national and international languages are spoken and learnt by Indians. We have the willingness to learn different languages. Indian culture encourages the learning abilities of several streams at a time and does not discard one for the other.

We do not adhere to the policy of worshipping one God throughout India or following one religion with one or two sects. Each community and caste have different Gods to worship and follow their customs and traditions.

Even politically, India was at no time ruled by one royal power, except in times of Ashoka or under the British. Various royal families ruled their territories simultaneously. They all ruled their domains but looked for an opportunity to overpower the other. For Example, when the Mughals were ruling North India, the Vijayanagar rulers in the south and the Bahamani rulers in parts of Deccan and Central India were ruling their territory simultaneously. So in many ways, plurality exists by way of co-existence and not by confrontations.

At present, Indian democracy is unique for its multi-political party system. Thus, society is seen as different from the position and political power. We also notice that an Indian lives with many identities, such as you can be a Bengali or Tamilian, Goan, a Hindu, Muslim or a Christian, etc. They all have their identities within the structure of homogeneous living.

There are specific essential characteristics which are unique to Indian culture. Good governance was always considered a necessary prerequisite for people’s happiness. That is why prayers were offered to cite auspicious times. So the rulers bestow happiness and prosperity on people, always treading the path of righteousness in governing the state.

India is an agricultural society; the people’s joy is linked with the well-being of the agriculture and cattle. For the satisfaction of all, the Pancha mahabhutas, the five primordial elements such as Prithvi – the earth, Akasha – the sky, Jala- water, Vayu – air and Agni – fire are pacified and revered. Through all these elements, the life of every person survives. All these rudiments are adored in rituals, pilgrimages, and festivals and are respected in life in Indian culture.

Ahimsa – all religions upheld Non-violence, especially in Jainism and Buddhism. Many freedom fighters had championed the cause of ahimsa by waging war against the British during our freedom struggle. The storyline, contents, characters, messages, and lessons we draw from our epics like Ramayana and Mahabharata are not confined to one geographical area. These are for every Indian, and at any time and space, these two epics stand as great examples to draw inspiration from time to time. They have a significant impact on the thought process of Indians. From all such experiences and ideals have developed a common outlook towards life.

2. What do you understand by social change and modernization in India? Discuss.

Assignment – II

3. Discuss the meaning of ethnographic image of India with a suitable example. 

4. Describe the basic features of village in India. 

5. There are many tribes in India found in different regions. Discuss the nature of their occupations.

Assignment – III

6. Define the concept of Caste.

7. Why is India considered to be a ‘unity in diversity’? 

8. What is ‘Great Tradition’ and ‘Little Tradition’? 

9. What are the basic tenets of Indian Constitution?

10. What are the major religions in India? 

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