IGNOU BHIC 114 Solved Assignment 2022-23 : BHIC 114 Solved Assignment 2022 , BHIC 114 Solved Assignment 2022-23, BHIC 114 Assignment 2022-23 , BHIC 114 Assignment, IGNOU BHIC 114 Solved Assignment 2022-23 IGNOU Assignments 2022-23- Gandhi National Open University had recently uploaded the assignments of the present session for MEG Programme for the year 2022-23. Students are recommended to download their Assignments from this webpage itself.

IGNOU BHIC 114 Solved Assignment 2022-23

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Important Note – IGNOU BHIC 114 Solved Assignment 2022-23 You may be aware that you need to submit your assignments before you can appear for the Term End Exams. Please remember to keep a copy of your completed assignment, just in case the one you submitted is lost in transit.

Submission Date :

• 31st March 2023 (if enrolled in the July 2022 Session)
• 30th Sept, 2023 (if enrolled in the January 2023 session).

Assignment – I

1. Analyse political theory and theory of revolution developed by Karl Marx.

Ans. Karl Heinrich Marx FRSA (German: [marks]; 5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) was a German philosopher, critic of political economy, economist, historian, sociologist, political theorist, journalist and socialist revolutionary. His best-known titles are the 1848 pamphlet The Communist Manifesto and the four-volume Das Kapital (1867–1883). Marx’s political and philosophical thought had enormous influence on subsequent intellectual, economic, and political history. His name has been used as an adjective, a noun, and a school of social theory.

Born in Trier, Germany, Marx studied law and philosophy at the universities of Bonn and Berlin. He married German theatre critic and political activist Jenny von Westphalen in 1843. Due to his political publications, Marx became stateless and lived in exile with his wife and children in London for decades, where he continued to develop his thought in collaboration with German philosopher Friedrich Engels and publish his writings, researching in the British Museum Reading Room.

Marx’s critical theories about society, economics, and politics, collectively understood as Marxism, hold that human societies develop through class conflict. In the capitalist mode of production, this manifests itself in the conflict between the ruling classes (known as the bourgeoisie) that control the means of production and the working classes (known as the proletariat) that enable these means by selling their labour-power in return for wages. Employing a critical approach known as historical materialism, Marx predicted that capitalism produced internal tensions like previous socioeconomic systems and that those would lead to its self-destruction and replacement by a new system known as the socialist mode of production. For Marx, class antagonisms under capitalism—owing in part to its instability and crisis-prone nature—would eventuate the working class’s development of class consciousness, leading to their conquest of political power and eventually the establishment of a classless, communist society constituted by a free association of producers. Marx actively pressed for its implementation, arguing that the working class should carry out organised proletarian revolutionary action to topple capitalism and bring about socio-economic emancipation.

Marx has been described as one of the most influential figures in human history, and his work has been both lauded and criticised. His work in economics laid the basis for some current theories about labour and its relation to capital. Many intellectuals, labour unions, artists, and political parties worldwide have been influenced by Marx’s work, with many modifying or adapting his ideas. Marx is typically cited as one of the principal architects of modern social science.

Karl Marx’s Theory of Revolution is a 5-volume work (1977–1990) about the philosopher Karl Marx by the Marxist writer Harl Draper. First published by the Monthly Review Press, the book received positive reviews, praising it as a fair and well-written work that discredited misconceptions about Marx and his work.

Volume I: State and Bureaucracy

In this first volume, Draper discusses the attitudes of Marx and Engels towards the titular topics the state and bureaucracy. He focuses on the Marxist theory of the state, how the state came to be, the class whose interests it represents and advocates, and the degree to which the state can be considered autonomous from the class society upon which it rests/developed out of. The position Draper argues for is relatively unique, in that it affords the state a strong degree of autonomy counter to the views of many Marxist theorists, for whom the state either reflects class interests one-for-one or whose autonomy only extends so far as the capitalist class’s ultimately tight leash.

Volume II: The Politics of Social Classes

In this second volume, Draper discusses Marx and Engels’s thinking on matters of class. He here focuses on the questions of what Marx and Engels understood classes to be, how these classes contended with one another, how the classes came to understand themselves as a class in the first place, and how these classes relate to society considered in its totality. Despite this, it is not in this volume where Draper dives into the proletarian class-struggle in-depth or the dictatorship of the proletariat. The book is more a study of Marx’s views on the history of classes rather than their future, or rather lack thereof.

Volume III

Draper writes that he aims to provide a “full and definitive treatment of Marx’s political theory, policies, and practice.” He presents his work as an approximation of this objective, writing that it is impossible to fulfill completely. He discusses Marx’s relation to the philosopher Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, and the work of the philosopher Friedrich Engels.

Maller described the work as “helpful and well-written” and less biased than many other books about Marx. He credited Draper with discrediting “some of the myths surrounding Marx’s political thought”. Heilbroner described the book as stimulating and well-written. He credited Draper with establishing that Marx’s views about politics and revolution constitute a theory comparable to his economic theory and were essential to his work, and with showing the merits of Marx’s treatment of political life. He believed that Draper was generally fair in assessing the strengths and the weaknesses of Marx’s work. However, he criticized Draper for neglecting to discuss Marx’s failure to understand political power in relation to human nature. The Political Quarterly wrote that the book showed Draper’s knowledge of the work of Marx and Engels, was well-written and sensible, and helpful in understanding the development of Marx’s political attitudes and beliefs. It credited Draper with showing that Marx’s political theory was “more intricate and more sensible” than most accounts of it have suggested. However, it criticized Draper for being unduly critical of other scholars and for neglecting some relevant scholarly literature.

De Kadt credited Draper with providing a “disciplined and lucid” discussion of the themes of Marx’s work and a good discussion of the development of Marx’s thought. He described Draper’s attempt to clarify the meaning of Marx’s arguments as being “among the very best available”, and praised his use of obscure as well as well-known sources. However, he suggested that Draper was less confident in discussing philosophy than he was in discussing other topics, and questioned his discussion of Marx’s relation to Hegel. He also suggested that Draper was arguably insufficiently critical of Marx, with the result that the work “tends to remain one of accurate exposition rather than critical exegesis.”

Kuhn credited Draper with “explaining changes in Marx’s and Engels’s ideas while also demonstrating fundamental continuities in them”, thereby making it easier to use Marx’s approach to understand new problems and situations, providing “the most systematic account yet written of Marx’s theory of the state” and a fascinating discussion of the term “dictatorship of the proletariat”, and discrediting myths about Marx. He described the book as well-written. However, he noted that it included some controversial claims.

Felix argued that Draper failed to focus consistently on a single subject, and that the book “reads like a series of indoctrination talks aimed at Marxists who have some knowledge of Marxian theory but require further elucidation.” He criticized Draper for attempting to show that events apparently inconsistent with Marxism were actually consistent with it, and argued that he articulated “a discouraged attitude typical of the Great Depression”. He described the work’s appendixes as being either “irrelevant or repetitious”.

IGNOU BHIC 114 Solved Assignment 2022-23

2.  Discuss the link between Christian missionaries, education and imperialism. 

IGNOU BHIC 114 Solved Assignment 2022-23

Assignment – II

3. Discuss the basic features of the Nazi regime.

IGNOU BHIC 114 Solved Assignment 2022-23

4. Write a note on the crises in the Post-World War II capitalist Economy. 

IGNOU BHIC 114 Solved Assignment 2022-23

5. “Realism is a departure from idealism and emotion of Romanticism”. Explain.

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IGNOU BHIC 114 Solved Assignment 2022-23

Assignment – III

6. Explain the economic crisis of 1920s. 

IGNOU BHIC 114 Solved Assignment 2022-23

7.  Analyse the rise of Fascism in Italy.

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8. Write a note on Comintem.

IGNOU BHIC 114 Solved Assignment 2022-23

9.  Discuss in brief development of scientific knowledge.

IGNOU BHIC 114 Solved Assignment 2022-23

10. Explain the development of the ideology of race.

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IGNOU Instructions for the BHIC 114 HISTORY OF MODERN EUROPE -II (C. 1780 – 1939)  

IGNOU BHIC 114 Solved Assignment 2022-23  Before attempting the assignment, please read the following instructions carefully.

1. Read the detailed instructions about the assignment given in the Handbook and Programme Guide.
2. Write your enrolment number, name, full address and date on the top right corner of the first page of your response sheet(s).
3. Write the course title, assignment number and the name of the study centre you are attached to in the centre of the first page of your response sheet(s).
4. Use only foolscap size paperfor your response and tag all the pages carefully
5. Write the relevant question number with each answer.
6. You should write in your own handwriting.

GUIDELINES FOR IGNOU Assignments 2022-23

BHIC 114 Solved Assignment 2022-23 You will find it useful to keep the following points in mind:

1. Planning: Read the questions carefully. IGNOU BHIC 114 Solved Assignment 2022-23 Download PDF Go through the units on which they are based. Make some points regarding each question and then rearrange these in a logical order. And please write the answers in your own words. Do not reproduce passages from the units.
2. Organisation: Be a little more selective and analytic before drawing up a rough outline of your answer. In an essay-type question, give adequate attention to your introduction and conclusion. IGNOU BHIC 114 Solved Assignment 2022-23 Download PDF The introduction must offer your brief interpretation of the question and how you propose to develop it. The conclusion must summarise your response to the question. In the course of your answer, you may like to make references to other texts or critics as this will add some depth to your analysis.
3. Presentation: IGNOU BHIC 114 Solved Assignment 2022-23 Download PDF Once you are satisfied with your answers, you can write down the final version for submission, writing each answer neatly and underlining the points you wish to emphasize.

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BHIC 114 Handwritten Assignment 2022-23

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