IGNOU MPSE- 002 Important Questions with answers- MPSE-002 in IGNOU refers to the course code for State and Society in Latin America. It is a course offered as part of the Master of Arts (Political Science) program at IGNOU.
Section 1: Introduction to Latin America
Geography and Demography
- Latin America is a region of the Americas that comprises the southernmost countries of North America and all of South America. IGNOU MPSE- 002 Important Questions with answers
- The region is home to a diverse population of over 600 million people, speaking over 300 languages.
History and Culture
- Latin America has a rich and complex history, dating back to the pre-Columbian era.
- The region has been influenced by a variety of cultures, including indigenous, European, African, and Asian.
Government and Politics
- Latin America is a region of great political diversity.
- The region has a history of authoritarian rule, but there has been a trend towards democracy in recent decades.
Section 2: Social Formations in Latin America
Social Classes
- Latin American society is divided into a variety of social classes, including the elite, the middle class, the working class, and the poor.
- The elite controls a disproportionate share of wealth and power in the region.
Race and Ethnicity
- Race and ethnicity are important factors in Latin American society.
- The region is home to a diverse population of indigenous, mestizo, white, and black people.
Gender
- Gender inequality is a major problem in Latin America.
- Women are often underrepresented in government, the workforce, and education.
Section 3: Political Culture in Latin America
Political Participation
- Political participation is relatively low in Latin America.
- Voter turnout is often low, and there is a general distrust of government.
Political Values
- Political values in Latin America are diverse.
- Some people value democracy and human rights, while others value authoritarian rule or populism.
Section 4: Economic Development in Latin America
Economic Growth
- Latin America has experienced periods of rapid economic growth in recent decades.
- However, the region still faces a number of economic challenges, including poverty, inequality, and debt.
Economic Models
Latin American countries have experimented with a variety of economic models, including import substitution, export-led growth, and neoliberalism.
Economic Integration
Latin American countries have been working to promote economic integration through regional organizations such as the Latin American Integration Association (ALADI) and the Southern Common Market (MERCOSUR).
Section 5: Social Movements in Latin America
Social Movements
- Social movements are a major force in Latin American politics.
- These movements have played a role in promoting democracy, social justice, and environmental protection.
Examples of Social Movements
Examples of social movements in Latin America include the Zapatista movement in Mexico, the landless movement in Brazil, and the indigenous movement in Bolivia.
- Analyse the impact of social formations in Latin America’s political development.
IGNOU MPSE- 002 Important Questions with answers- Social formations are the underlying economic and social structures that shape a society. In Latin America, these formations have been shaped by a number of factors, including colonialism, dependency, and globalization. IGNOU MPSE- 002 Important Questions with answers
Colonialism had a profound impact on Latin American social formations. The Spanish and Portuguese empires imposed their own economic and social systems on the region, which led to the development of a highly stratified society with a small elite at the top and a large mass of poor people at the bottom. This stratification has had a lasting impact on Latin American politics, as it has led to conflict between the elite and the masses. IGNOU MPSE- 002 Important Questions with answers
Dependency is another important factor that has shaped Latin American social formations. The region has long been dependent on the developed world for trade and investment. This dependency has led to economic inequality and political instability.
Globalization has also had a significant impact on Latin American social formations. The rise of global markets has led to the growth of a new middle class in the region. However, it has also led to the exploitation of workers and the destruction of the environment.
The impact of social formations on Latin American political development can be seen in a number of ways. For example, the region has a history of authoritarian rule, which can be seen as a response to the conflict between the elite and the masses. The region has also experienced a number of social movements, such as the Zapatista movement in Mexico, which have challenged the status quo.
In conclusion, social formations have had a profound impact on Latin American political development. They have shaped the region’s history, its political institutions, and its social movements.
- Describe the main elements of Latin America’s political culture.
- Discuss the rise and fall of pampas as ‘food basket’ for the European countries during
1853-1930. - Why did ‘Economic Cycles’ in Brazil have a limited impact on its economy and society?
- Write a note on agrarian populism in Mexico.
- Analyse the major elements of neoliberal economic policies adopted by Latin American countries.
- Describe and analyse movements Sem-Terra (Landless Movements) in Brazil.
- Explain the role of the Church in Latin American politics.
- How have social formations influenced political development in Latin America?
- What are the main elements of political culture in Latin America?
- Analyze the major elements of neo-liberalism in Latin America.
- Analyse the major elements of Neo-liberal economic policies adopted by Latin American countries.
- Write a short note on hacienda.
- Discuss the treatment of Indian labour in Mexico during the colonial rule.
- What is a plantation economy? Discuss the main features of plantation economy in Cuba.
- Explain the system of indentured labour in Guyana and Trinidad.