BPSE 141 GANDHI AND THE CONTEMPORARY WOLRD Solved Assignment 2023-24
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Course Code: BPSE 141
Assignment Code: BPSE 141 ASST/TMA/2023-24
Marks: 100
Assignment – I
Answer the following in about 500 words each.
1. Write a note on Gandhi’s struggles in South Africa.
Before becoming the spearhead of India’s struggle for independence, Mahatma Gandhi spent two pivotal decades (1893-1914) in South Africa, shaping his philosophy of nonviolent resistance, known as “Satyagraha”. Gandhi’s struggles in South Africa were instrumental in his evolution as a political and social activist.
After graduating from law school, Gandhi accepted a job in South Africa to work on a legal case. The racial discrimination he experienced, combined with the harsh treatment of Indian immigrants, deeply disturbed him. This injustice propelled Gandhi into a life of social and political activism.
In 1894, Gandhi founded the Natal Indian Congress, an organization aiming to fight discrimination against Indians in South Africa. It began the process of forging unity among the Indian community and raised awareness about their plight to authorities in both South Africa and India. The Natal Indian Congress marked Gandhi’s first attempt at organized political activism, and it laid the foundation for his future endeavors.
One of the most significant moments in Gandhi’s South African struggle was his confrontation with the discriminatory pass laws. In 1906, the Transvaal government proposed new regulations requiring Asians to carry ‘passes’, akin to internal passports. These laws were designed to restrict the movements of non-whites and further entrench segregationist policies. Gandhi organized a mass meeting in Johannesburg, where attendees unanimously agreed to resist these laws, even at the risk of imprisonment or deportation. This was the inception of Satyagraha, Gandhi’s philosophy of nonviolent civil disobedience.
Satyagraha, literally meaning ‘truth force’, was a strategy of resistance against unjust laws. Through nonviolent protest and passive resistance, Gandhi aimed to expose the inherent injustices of the laws, thus prompting moral and legislative changes. He, along with thousands of Indians, defied the pass laws and accepted the consequences willingly, enduring imprisonment, floggings, and financial ruin.
In 1913, the South African government further tightened the restrictions, which led to the most impactful Satyagraha campaign. This included a march across the Natal-Transvaal border, a ‘no-tax campaign’, and a three-day strike by Indian miners. Despite brutal suppressions, the movement gathered significant momentum, eventually compelling the South African authorities to negotiate.
These negotiations led to the passage of the Indian Relief Act in 1914, which invalidated the £3 tax imposed on ex-indentured Indians, recognized the validity of Indian marriages, and eased restrictions on Indian immigration. Though the Act did not completely eradicate the discrimination faced by Indians in South Africa, it marked a significant victory for Gandhi and the Indian community.
Gandhi’s South African struggle was a transformative phase in his life. It molded him into a potent political force and provided him with the philosophical tools he would later use to lead India to independence. His experiences in South Africa strengthened his belief in the power of nonviolent resistance, cemented his commitment to social justice, and reaffirmed his dedication to achieving political freedom through peaceful means. His concept of Satyagraha, born amidst the struggles of South Africa, became a beacon of hope and resilience for oppressed communities worldwide, standing as a testament to Gandhi’s legacy.
2. Critically examine Gandhi’s conception of modern civilization and alternative modernity.
Assignment – II
Answer the following questions in about 250 words each.
1. Discuss Gandhi critique of development.
2. Examine Gandhi’s concept of Swaraj and Swadeshi.
3. Elaborate upon Gandhi’s concept of Trusteeship.
Assignment – III
Answer the following questions in about 100 words each.
1. Satyagraha Vs Duragraha
2. Silent Valley Movement
3. Relevance of Pacifism in contemporary world
4. Concept of Social Harmony
5. Gulabi Gang
BPSE 141 Handwritten Assignment 2023-24
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Important Note – You may be aware that you need to submit your assignments before you can appear for the Term End Exams. Please remember to keep a copy of your completed assignment, just in case the one you submitted is lost in transit.
Submission Date :
- 31st March 2023 (if enrolled in the July 2023-24 Session)
- 30th Sept, 2023 (if enrolled in the January 2023-24 session).
IGNOU Instructions for the BPSE 141 Assignments
BPSE 141 GANDHI AND THE CONTEMPORARY WOLRD Assignment 2023-24 Before attempting the assignment, please read the following instructions carefully.
- Read the detailed instructions about the assignment given in the Handbook and Programme Guide.
- Write the course title, assignment number and the name of the study centre you are attached to in the centre of the first page of your response sheet(s).
- Use only foolscap size paper for your response and tag all the pages carefully
- Write the relevant question number with each answer.
- You should write in your own handwriting.
GUIDELINES FOR IGNOU Assignments 2023-24
You will find it useful to keep the following points in mind:
- Planning: Read the questions carefully. Go through the units on which they are based. Make some points regarding each question and then rearrange these in a STATISTICS IN PSYCHOLOGYal order. And please write the answers in your own words. Do not reproduce passages from the units.
- Organisation: Be a little more selective and analytic before drawing up a rough outline of your answer. In an essay-type question, give adequate attention to your introduction and conclusion. The introduction must offer your brief interpretation of the question and how you propose to develop it. The conclusion must summarise your response to the question. In the course of your answer, you may like to make references to other texts or critics as this will add some depth to your analysis.
- Presentation:Once you are satisfied with your answers, you can write down the final version for submission, writing each answer neatly and underlining the points you wish to emphasize.
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